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Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) refers to a set of criteria used to evaluate an organization's performance in key areas of sustainability and ethical responsibility. These criteria help stakeholders assess how a company manages risks and opportunities related to environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and corporate governance.

The environmental component focuses on a company’s impact on the planet, including carbon emissions, energy efficiency, waste management, and resource use. The social component evaluates how a company interacts with employees, suppliers, customers, and communities, covering labor practices, diversity, equity, and human rights. Governance involves the systems and processes that guide corporate decision-making, including board diversity, executive compensation, transparency, and compliance with laws and regulations.

Assessing and reporting on carbon footprint and climate risk
Monitoring diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives
Evaluating corporate ethics and anti-corruption policies
Ensuring regulatory compliance and data privacy
Integrating ESG factors into investment analysis
Preparing sustainability disclosures and ESG ratings

ESG is widely used in industries such as finance, energy, manufacturing, and technology, particularly by investment firms, asset managers, and publicly traded companies subject to regulatory or stakeholder pressure. Professionals with ESG expertise often work in sustainability, corporate responsibility, risk management, or investment analysis roles. They are expected to understand international ESG frameworks like the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), and Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), as well as emerging regulations such as the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD).

Individuals skilled in ESG are typically proficient in data analysis, sustainability reporting, stakeholder engagement, and risk assessment. They may also have experience with ESG rating platforms like MSCI, Sustainalytics, or CDP, and be familiar with environmental management systems and social impact measurement tools. As regulatory requirements and investor interest grow, ESG has become a critical competency for organizations aiming to demonstrate accountability and long-term value creation.

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